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TB-500 5mg

$ 142,800

  • Synthetic peptide studied in research on tissue repair and regeneration.

  • Used in studies of muscle recovery, mobility, and inflammatory response.

  • Supports research on angiogenesis and cell migration.

  • High-purity compound, intended exclusively for scientific research purposes.

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Description
šŸ”¹ IN-DEPTH SCIENTIFIC PROFILE

TB-500 is the synthetic form of the active fragment (amino acids 1-43) of Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4), an endogenous 43-amino-acid peptide (MW: 4963.4 Da) highly conserved evolutionarily. Present in elevated concentrations in platelets, leukocytes, and healing tissues, TB-500 orchestrates multiple regenerative processes.

Structure and Molecular Characteristics:

  • Secuencia: Ac-SDKPDMAEIEKFDKSKLKKTETQEKNPLPSKETIEQEKQAGES
  • Critical active region: peptide 1-4 (Ac-SDKP) with independent anti-inflammatory effects
  • Actin-binding domain: amino acids 5-20 (primary mechanism)
  • Stability: high resistance to serum proteases
  • Hydrophilicity: excellent aqueous solubility without aggregation

Mecanismos Moleculares Fundamentales:

  1. Actin Sequestration and Regulation:
  • Monomeric G-actin binding: 1:1 ratio (Kd ~0.5 μM)
  • Prevention of premature actin polymerization
  • Dynamic cytoskeleton regulation during cell migration
  • Intracellular concentration: 400-500 μM in thymic cells
  1. Signaling Cascades:
  • VĆ­a ILK (Integrin-Linked Kinase):
    • Activación vĆ­a integrina → ILK → Akt (supervivencia celular)
    • GSK-3β phosphorylation: apoptosis inhibition
    • Survival gene expression: Bcl-2, Bcl-xL
  • VĆ­a VEGF/AngiogĆ©nesis:
    • VEGF-A upregulation: 300-500% increase (Sosne et al., 2010)
    • Endothelial VEGFR-2 activation
    • Tubulogenesis: capillary network formation in vitro
  • Modulación MMPs:
    • MMP/TIMP balance: favours matrix remodelling without excessive degradation
    • MMP-2 (gelatinase): activity optimized for migration
    • TIMP-1/2: increased expression (tissue protection)
  1. Efectos Antiinflamatorios:
  • NF-ĪŗB inhibition: 60% blockade of nuclear translocation
  • Pro-inflammatory cytokines: reduction of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β (40-60%)
  • Ac-SDKP peptide: independent anti-fibrotic activity
  • Macrophage polarization: M1→M2 shift (reparative phenotype)

Pharmacokinetics:

  • SC Bioavailability: 80%
  • TmĆ”x: 30-60 minutos
  • Distribution: widespread, accumulation in injured tissues
  • Vida media: 2-3 horas (clearance renal rĆ”pido)
  • Dosificación: 2-3x/semana suficiente (efectos sostenidos)
šŸ”¹ APPLICATIONS, MECHANISMS, AND EXTENDED RESEARCH

1. REPARACIƓN TEJIDO MƚSCULO-ESQUELƉTICO

Curación Tendones y Ligamentos:

Evidencia PreclĆ­nica Robusta:

  • Achilles tendon transection in horses: full functional recovery vs 70% of controls (Crockford et al., 2011)
  • Resistencia tensil: incremento 40-55% en pruebas biomecĆ”nicas
  • Deposición colĆ”geno: organización fibrilar superior (microscopĆ­a segundo armónico)
  • Celularidad: incremento fibroblastos/tenocitos 180%

Mecanismos EspecĆ­ficos:

  • Migración fibroblastos: aumento velocidad 250% (Scratch assay)
  • Expresión genes matriz: colĆ”geno I (+200%), decorina (+150%)
  • Vascularización: densidad vascular +200% en zona lesión
  • Reducción tejido cicatrizal: disminución colĆ”geno tipo III/I ratio

Regeneración Muscular Esquelética:

  • Satellite cell activation: 300% increase (Sosne et al., 2015)
  • Diferenciación mioblastos: upregulación MyoD, miogenina
  • Formación miotubos: aumento diĆ”metro fibras 35%
  • Reducción fibrosis: disminución TGF-β1 40%, colĆ”geno interfibrilar -50%
  • Functional recovery: contractile strength 85% vs 55% in controls (day 21)

Curación Ɠsea:

  • Migración osteoblastos: mejora homing a sitio fractura
  • Callus formación: aceleración fase inicial consolidación 30%
  • AngiogĆ©nesis ósea: incremento vasos intra-óseos 180%
  • Integración implantes: mejora osteointegración titanio 40%

2. CICATRIZACIƓN HERIDAS Y LESIONES CUTƁNEAS

Heridas DƩrmicas Agudas:

  • Cierre herida: aceleración 50% (dĆ­as 7-14) en modelos murinos
  • Re-epithelialization: keratinocyte migration +150%
  • AngiogĆ©nesis dĆ©rmica: densidad capilar +250%
  • Deposición matriz: colĆ”geno dĆ©rmico organizado vs desorganizado

Úlceras Crónicas (Modelos Diabéticos):

  • Úlceras pie diabĆ©tico (db/db mice): curación 75% vs 30% controles (dĆ­a 28)
  • Perfusión tisular: mejora flujo sanguĆ­neo 180% (Laser Doppler)
  • Tissue quality: less keloid formation, elasticity preserved
  • Infección: reducción carga bacteriana 60% (sinergia antimicrobiana)

Reparación Córnea:

  • Corneal abrasions: healing time reduced by 40% (Sosne et al., 2010)
  • Transparencia: preservación arquitectura estromal
  • Neovascularización: mĆ­nima vs cicatrización patológica
  • SĆ­ndrome ojo seco: mejora producción lagrimal, estabilidad pelĆ­cula

3. PROTECCIƓN Y REPARACIƓN CARDIOVASCULAR

Lesión MiocÔrdica Isquemia-Reperfusión:

  • TamaƱo infarto: reducción 40-50% (ligadura LAD en roedores)
  • Apoptosis cardiomiocitos: disminución caspasa-3 60%
  • Función ventricular: preservación fracción eyección (55% vs 40%)
  • Remodelado adverso: reducción dilatación VI 35%

AngiogƩnesis TerapƩutica:

  • Densidad capilar miocĆ”rdica: incremento 200% zona peri-infarto
  • ArteriogĆ©nesis: formación colaterales funcionales
  • HIF-1α expression: upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor
  • Perfusión: mejora flujo miocĆ”rdico 150% (microesferas fluorescentes)

5. NEUROPROTECTION AND NEURAL REPAIR

Lesión Cerebral TraumÔtica:

  • Edema cerebral: reducción 35% contenido acuoso
  • Barrera hematoencefĆ”lica: preservación integridad tight junctions
  • Neuroinflamación: disminución microglĆ­a activada 50%
  • Cognitive recovery: 40% improvement in Morris Water Maze

Peripheral Nerve Repair

  • Elongación axonal: incremento 150% in vitro (DRG cultures)
  • Remielinización: aceleración producción mielina cĆ©lulas Schwann
  • Reinervación muscular: recuperación placas motoras 65% vs 35%
  • Función sensitivomotora: Ć­ndice función nervio ciĆ”tico (SFI) -30 vs -70

Lesión Medular Espinal:

  • Preservación tejido: reducción cavitación 40%
  • Brote axonal: incremento fibras descendentes 120%
  • Plasticidad: formación circuitos compensatorios
  • Locomotor recovery: BBB scale improvement of 6 points vs 2 in controls

5. APLICACIONES ESPECIALIZADAS

FoliculogƩnesis y Crecimiento Capilar:

  • Anagen transition: prolongation of the growth phase 25%
  • Diferenciación cĆ©lulas madre foliculares
  • Densidad folicular: incremento 15-20% (estudios equinos)

Reparación Daño HepÔtico:

  • Fibrosis hepĆ”tica: reducción deposición colĆ”geno 45%
  • Regeneración hepatocitos: incremento proliferación 80%
  • Función hepĆ”tica: mejora ALT/AST 40%
šŸ”¹ ADVANCED RESEARCH PROTOCOLS

Specialised Dosing by Application

Lesiones MusculoesquelƩticas:

Model Lesión Dosage Frequency Way Duration
Mouse Desgarro muscular 6-10 mg/kg 2 times per week SC/IM 12-24 weeks
Rat Tendón Aquiles 5-7.5 mg/kg 2 times per week SC/Local 4 weeks
Conejo Ligamento MCL 2.5-5 mg/kg 2 times per week SC 4-8 weeks
Equino Tendinitis 10-20 mg/animal 2 times per week Local/IV 4-8 weeks

Wound healing

Model Tipo Herida Dosage Frequency Way Duration
Mouse Excisional cutƔnea 5-10 mg/kg End of Day SC 14-21 days
Rata diabética Úlcera crónica 7.5 mg/kg 2 times per week SC 28 days
Conejo Córnea 0.1-0.5 mg/ojo QD Topic 7-10 days

Aplicaciones Cardiovasculares:

Model PatologĆ­a Dosage Momento Way Protocol
Mouse IM (LAD) 6 mg/kg 1h pre-reperfusión IP/IV Single dose + 2x/wk x3wks
Rat Isquemia MI 7.5 mg/kg Pre + Post IM IP Loading + mantenimiento

Aplicaciones Neurológicas:

Model Lesión Dosage Frequency Way Duration
Rat TBI 6-10 mg/kg QD (dĆ­as 1-7) IP 12 weeks
Mouse Nervio ciƔtico 5 mg/kg 2 times per week SC 4 weeks
Rat Lesión medular 7.5 mg/kg 3 times per week IP 16 weeks

Estudios In Vitro Avanzados

Ensayos Migración Celular:

  • **Scratch/Wound Healing :** TB-500 1-10 μg/mL en fibroblastos, queratinocitos
  • Imaging time-lapse cada 2h, 48h total
  • Cuantificación: % Ć”rea cerrada, velocidad frente migración
  • Transwell Migration: 5 μg/mL cĆ”mara inferior (quimioatractante)
    • Recuento cĆ©lulas migradas 16-24h
    • Comparación vs PDGF, FGF-2

AngiogƩnesis In Vitro:

  • Tubulogenesis Matrigel: HUVEC 2-5 μg/mL, 6-18h
    • Cuantificación: longitud tubular, puntos ramificación, loops
    • Imaging automĆ”tico: AngioTool software
  • Sprouting Assay: Esferoides HUVEC embebidos colĆ”geno + TB-500 1-5 μg/mL
    • Medición: nĆŗmero sprouts, longitud, Ć”rea

Proliferación y Diferenciación:

  • Mioblastos C2C12: 1-10 μg/mL durante diferenciación
    • ƍndice fusión: nĆŗcleos en miotubos/total
    • Expresión MyHC (cadena pesada miosina): inmunofluorescencia
  • CĆ©lulas SatĆ©lite Primarias: 5 μg/mL
    • Marcadores: Pax7, MyoD, Myogenina (RT-qPCR, Western)
šŸ”¹ OPTIMIZED RECONSTITUTION METHODS

Standard Reconstitution Protocol:

  1. Initial Preparation:
    • Reconstitute lyophilized vial at room temperature for 10-15 minutes
    • Clean the rubber stopper with 70% isopropyl alcohol
    • Prepare a sterile 3-5 mL syringe with a 22-25G needle
  2. Diluent Selection
    • Preferred Sterile bacteriostatic water (0.9% benzyl alcohol)
    • Alternative Sterile 0.9% NaCl saline solution
    • Special research: PBS pH 7.4 for in vitro studies
    • Diluent temperature: ambient (20-25°C)
  3. Concentraciones EstƔndar:
    • Vial 2mg: Add 2.0mL → 5mg/mL (5000 μg/mL)
    • Vial 5mg: Add 2.0mL → 5mg/mL (5000 μg/mL)
    • Vial 10mg: Add 2.0mL → 5mg/mL (5000 μg/mL)
    • For small precise doses: larger volume (e.g. 2.0 mL for 5 mg → 2.5 mg/mL)
  4. Reconstitution Technique
    • Insert 22-25G needle at a 45° angle against the inner vial wall
    • Inject SLOWLY (45-60 seconds) directing flow to the wall
    • Do not inject directly onto lyophilized powder
    • Remove needle, rotate vial GENTLY in a circular motion
    • NO agitar vigorosamente ni invertir repetidamente
    • Dissolution time: 1-3 minutes typically
  5. Quality Check:
    • The solution must be transparent and colorless
    • No particles, aggregates or turbidity
    • Discard if there is precipitation or a colour change

Storage and Stability:

State Conditions Duration Notes
Freeze-dried -4°F 24 months Temperatura óptima almacenamiento largo plazo
Freeze-dried 36-46°F 12 months Refrigerador estÔndar aceptable
Reconstituted (bacteriostatic water) 36-46°F 14 days Protect from light, amber vial ideal
Reconstituted (saline) 36-46°F 7 days Rapid use recommended, no preservative
Frozen aliquots -4°F 30 days Tubos individuales, descongelar 1x
Frozen aliquots -80°C 90 days Maximum long-term stability

Consideraciones Especiales:

  • Evitar >2 ciclos congelación-descongelación (pĆ©rdida actividad ~30%)
  • For frequent use: prepare 0.5-1.0 mL aliquots in cryogenic tubes
  • Thaw slowly overnight at 4°C (never rapidly at room temperature)
  • Equilibrar a temperatura ambiente 10 minutos antes de administración SC
šŸ”¹ RESEARCH FAQ

Q: TB-500 vs BPC-157 for regenerative research? A: Complementary mechanisms with different optimal applications:

TB-500 superior en:

  • Migración celular (efecto quimiotĆ”ctico potente)
  • AngiogĆ©nesis (upregulación VEGF 300-500%)
  • Regeneración muscular (activación cĆ©lulas satĆ©lite)
  • Cicatrización heridas cutĆ”neas

BPC-157 superior en:

  • Fase inflamatoria temprana (control citoquinas)
  • Aplicaciones gastrointestinales (estabilidad oral)
  • Blood-brain barrier
  • Efectos neurotransmisores (serotonina, dopamina)

Combinación sinérgica: TB-500 (750 μg/kg 2x/sem) + BPC-157 (200 μg/kg QD) muestra efectos aditivos 25-35% superiores en modelos tendinosos.

P: ĀæProtocolo loading vs mantenimiento? A: For best results:

  • Fase Loading (semanas 1-2): 2.5x standard dose, 3x/week
    • Ejemplo: 10 mg/kg vs 4 mg/kg mantenimiento en ratas
    • Satura tejidos, acelera respuesta inicial
  • Fase Mantenimiento (semanas 3+): standard dose, 2x/week
    • Sostiene efectos regenerativos
    • Reduces peptide consumption

P: ¿Tiempo óptimo administración post-lesión? A: Wide therapeutic window, but timing matters:

  • Inmediato (0-6h post-lesión): MĆ”ximo beneficio anti-inflamatorio
  • Temprano (6-48h): Optimal for cell migration
  • TardĆ­o (48h-2sem): Efectivo pero respuesta 30-40% reducida
  • Crónico (>4sem): Still beneficial but with limited effects

Pre-injury administration (surgical models): injection 2-4h pre-procedure improves outcomes by 20%.

P: ¿Vía administración óptima? A: Depends on the application:

  • Subcutaneous (SC) Primera elección, biodisponibilidad 85-90%, dosificación consistente
  • Intramuscular (IM) Similar to SC, useful for local muscle injuries
  • Intraperitoneal (IP): Roedores pequeƱos, absorción rĆ”pida
  • Intravenosa (IV): Aplicaciones cardiovasculares agudas, TmĆ”x inmediato
  • Topic Corneal/cutaneous wounds with adequate penetration (hydrogel formulations)
  • Local (peri-lesional): Tendones, ligamentos, concentración local alta

Q: Synergistic combinations with other agents? A: Combinations studied with additive/synergistic effects:

  • TB-500 + PRP: Regeneración tendón/mĆŗsculo (+40% vs monoterapia)
  • TB-500 + IGF-1: Hipertrofia muscular, diferenciación cĆ©lulas satĆ©lite
  • TB-500 + VEGF: AngiogĆ©nesis terapĆ©utica cardiovascular

TB-500 + Células madre mesenquimales: Potencia homing y diferenciación

šŸ”¹ EXTENDED RESEARCH REFERENCES
  1. Sosne G, et al. (2010) “Thymosin beta 4 promotes corneal wound healing and modulates inflammatory mediators in vivo” – Exp Eye Res 90(4):478-486. [PubMed: 20036654]
  2. Crockford D, et al. (2011) “Thymosin Beta4: Structure, Function, and Biological Properties Supporting Current and Future Clinical Applications” – Ann NY Acad Sci 1269:133-138. [PubMed: 22823477]
  3. Sosne G, et al. (2015) “Thymosin beta 4: A novel corneal wound healing and anti-inflammatory agent” – Clin Ophthalmol 9:1277-1285. [PubMed: 26203211]
  4. Bock-Marquette I, et al. (2004) “Thymosin beta4 activates integrin-linked kinase and promotes cardiac cell migration, survival and cardiac repair” – Nature 432(7016):466-472. [PubMed: 15565145]
  5. Philp D, et al. (2003) “Thymosin beta4 promotes matrix metalloproteinase expression during wound healing” – J Cell Physiol 194(3):355-361. [PubMed: 12548555]
  6. Hinkel R, et al. (2008) “Thymosin beta4 is an essential paracrine factor of embryonic endothelial progenitor cell-mediated cardioprotection” – Circulation 117(17):2232-2240. [PubMed: 18427126]
  7. Garbayo E, et al. (2016) “Catheter-based Intramyocardial Injection of FGF1 or NRG1-loaded MPs Improves Cardiac Function in a Preclinical Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion” – Sci Rep 6:25932. [PubMed: 27181748]
  8. Young JD, et al. (1999) “Thymosin beta 4 sulfoxide is an anti-inflammatory agent generated by monocytes in the presence of glucocorticoids” – Nat Med 5(12):1424-1427. [PubMed: 10581087]
  9. Badamchian M, et al. (2003) “Thymosin beta4 reduces lethality and down-regulates inflammatory mediators in endotoxin-induced septic shock” – Int Immunopharmacol 3(8):1225-1233. [PubMed: 12860177]
  10. Morris DC, et al. (2010) “Thymosin β4 improves functional neurological outcome in a rat model of embolic stroke” – Neuroscience 169(2):674-682. [PubMed: 20627173]
šŸ”¹ COA Certificate

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šŸ”¹ Endotoxin Certificate

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Research material only. This product is intended for scientific research in controlled laboratory settings only. It is not a drug. Not for human or animal use, not for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

Legal Notice

All products are sold in powder (lyophilized) form and require reconstitution with a suitable diluent for research purposes only. Laboratory supplies (e.g., syringes, bacteriostatic water, etc.) are not included. Dosage instructions are not provided.

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