{"id":376,"date":"2026-01-08T21:00:27","date_gmt":"2026-01-09T02:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/elyxaminos.com\/?post_type=product&p=376"},"modified":"2026-07-27T09:33:15","modified_gmt":"2026-07-27T14:33:15","slug":"hcg-5000-iu","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/elyxaminos.com\/en\/producto\/hcg-5000iu\/","title":{"rendered":"HCG 5000iu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n\ud83d\udd39 In-depth Scientific Profile<\/summary>\n

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone (MW: 36,700 Da) composed of two subunits (\u03b1: 92 aa, \u03b2: 145 aa) joined non-covalently. Naturally produced by the placental syncytiotrophoblast during pregnancy, hCG exhibits biological activity analogous to pituitary LH (luteinizing hormone) with greater potency and an extended half-life.<\/span><\/p>\n

Molecular Structure:<\/b><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Alpha subunit<\/b> Identical to LH, FSH, TSH (common)<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Beta subunit:<\/b> Specific hCG (confers biological specificity)<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Glycosylation: 30% molecular weight (4 N-glycosylation sites, 4 O-glycosylation sites)<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Half-life: 24\u201336 hours (vs. 20 min LH, due to hyperglycosylation)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Mechanisms of Action:<\/b><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. LH\/hCG Receptor Activation (LHCGR):<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \n
      • Receptor: GPCR (7-transmembrane) in testicular Leydig cells, ovarian theca<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Translation: Gs protein coupling \u2192 adenylate cyclase \u2192 \u2191 cAMP \u2192 PKA<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Cascade: StAR (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein) phosphorylation<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Result: Mitochondrial cholesterol transport \u2192 steroidogenesis<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \n
        1. Testicular Steroidogenesis:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \n
          • Leydig cells: testosterone synthesis stimulation<\/span><\/li>\n
          • Key enzymes: CYP11A1 (side-chain cleavage), 3\u03b2-HSD, 17\u03b2-HSD<\/span><\/li>\n
          • Testosterone production: 200\u2013400% increase in baseline levels<\/span><\/li>\n
          • Paracrine effects: spermatogenesis support (Sertoli cells)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \n
            1. Ovarian Function<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                \n
              • Preovulatory follicle: final maturation, ovulation<\/span><\/li>\n
              • Corpus luteum: maintenance of progesterone production<\/span><\/li>\n
              • Luteinization: granulosa\/theca cell differentiation<\/span><\/li>\n
              • Angiogenesis: luteal body vascularization (VEGF pathway)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Recombinant hCG Pharmacokinetics:<\/b><\/p>\n

                  \n
                • SC bioavailability: 40\u201350% (vs. 100% IM)<\/span><\/li>\n
                • IM bioavailability: ~100%<\/span><\/li>\n
                • Tmax: 12-24 hours (SC), 6-12 hours (IM)<\/span><\/li>\n
                • Half-life: 29-36 hours (allows for 2-3x\/week dosing)<\/span><\/li>\n
                • Renal clearance: primary<\/span><\/li>\n
                • Detection: urine\/serum up to 7-14 days post-administration<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n
                  \n\ud83d\udd39 Applications, Mechanisms, and Extended Research<\/summary>\n

                  1. MALE FERTILITY AND SPERMATOGENESIS<\/b><\/h4>\n

                  Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism:<\/b><\/p>\n

                  Steroidogenesis Restoration<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • Serum testosterone: increase from <100 ng\/dL to 400-700 ng\/dL<\/span><\/li>\n
                  • Response time: detectable levels 48-72h, normalization 2-4 weeks<\/span><\/li>\n
                  • Typical research dose: 500-2500 IU 2-3x\/week<\/span><\/li>\n
                  • Maintenance: reduced dose after normalization<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    Spermatogenesis Induction<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • Combination: hCG + hMG (FSH-like) or hCG + recombinant FSH<\/span><\/li>\n
                    • Sperm concentration: increase from azoospermia to 5-15 million\/mL (12-24 months)<\/span><\/li>\n
                    • Motility: improvement 30-40%<\/span><\/li>\n
                    • Prolonged treatment: 18-24 months typical for complete spermatogenesis<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      Cryptorchidism (Animal Models):<\/b><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • Testicular descent: gubernaculum stimulation<\/span><\/li>\n
                      • Success rate: 20-40% spontaneous reduction (pre-surgical)<\/span><\/li>\n
                      • Protocol: 250-1000 IU 2x\/week, 4-6 weeks<\/span><\/li>\n
                      • Mechanism: androgens + insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        2. PREVENTION OF TESTICULAR ATROPHY DURING GONADAL SUPPRESSION<\/b><\/h4>\n

                        Androgen Suppression Models<\/b><\/p>\n

                        Use of Exogenous Androgens (Research):<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • Negative feedback: exogenous testosterone \u2192 LH\/FSH suppression \u2192 testicular atrophy<\/span><\/li>\n
                        • Preventive hCG: maintains intratesticular Leydig cell stimulation<\/span><\/li>\n
                        • Testicular volume: preservation 70\u2013851 TP3T vs. 40\u2013601 TP3T without hCG<\/span><\/li>\n
                        • Intratesticular testosterone: maintenance of high local levels (spermatogenesis)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          Preventive Protocols<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • Dosage: 250-500 IU 2x\/week during suppression<\/span><\/li>\n
                          • Timing: simultaneous onset with exogenous androgens<\/span><\/li>\n
                          • Recovery: Reduced post-cycle recovery time 50%<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            3. BODY WEIGHT AND COMPOSITION (CONTROVERSIAL)<\/b><\/h4>\n

                            Simeons Protocol (Historical):<\/b><\/p>\n

                            Original Concept (1954):<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

                              \n
                            • hCG 125-200 IU\/day + 500 cal\/day diet<\/span><\/li>\n
                            • Hypothesis: hCG mobilizes \u201cabnormal\u201d fat without hunger<\/span><\/li>\n
                            • Weight loss: 0.5-1 lb\/day reported<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              Modern Scientific Evidence:<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

                                \n
                              • Meta-analysis (Lijesen et al., 1995): <\/span>No significant difference vs placebo<\/b><\/li>\n
                              • Weight loss: attributable to severe caloric restriction, not hCG<\/span><\/li>\n
                              • Hunger: validated reduction vs. placebo<\/span><\/li>\n
                              • Lean mass: significant loss (negative effect)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                Conclusion Consensus:<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                • hCG for weight loss <\/span>No robust scientific evidence<\/b><\/li>\n
                                • FDA (1975): \u201cNot effective for obesity\u201d labeling\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n
                                • Research use: focus on reproductive\/endocrine mechanisms<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                  4. DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING LEYDIG CELL FUNCTION<\/b><\/h4>\n

                                  hCG Stimulation Test:<\/b><\/p>\n

                                  Diagnostic Protocol:<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  • Basal: testosterone, LH, FSH<\/span><\/li>\n
                                  • Administration: 1500-5000 IU hCG single IM dose<\/span><\/li>\n
                                  • Post-stimulation: testosterone 72-96h after<\/span><\/li>\n
                                  • Interpretation<\/span>\n
                                      \n
                                    • Normal response: \u2191 testosterone >200 ng\/dL above baseline<\/span><\/li>\n
                                    • Primary failure: no response (Leydig cell damage)<\/span><\/li>\n
                                    • Secondary failure: present response but low baseline<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                      Applications:<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      • Differentiation between primary and secondary hypogonadism<\/span><\/li>\n
                                      • Pre-pubertal Leydig cell reserve evaluation<\/span><\/li>\n
                                      • Treatment response prediction<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                        5. OVULATION INDUCTION (Female Models)<\/b><\/h4>\n

                                        Assisted Reproductive Technologies<\/b><\/p>\n

                                        Ovulatory Trigger<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        • Timing: Administration when dominant follicle \u226518-20mm<\/span><\/li>\n
                                        • Dosage: 5,000-10,000 IU single dose<\/span><\/li>\n
                                        • Ovulation: 34-36 hours post-administration<\/span><\/li>\n
                                        • Mechanism: mimics natural LH surge<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                          Luteal Phase Support<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

                                            \n
                                          • Dosage: 1500-2500 IU every 3-4 days<\/span><\/li>\n
                                          • Duration: 2 weeks post-ovulation<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                              \n
                                            • Maintenance: corpus luteum progesterone production<\/span><\/li>\n
                                            • Alternative: exogenous progesterone (most common clinically)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                              Controlled Superovulation<\/b><\/p>\n

                                                \n
                                              • Combination: FSH + hCG final maturation<\/span><\/li>\n
                                              • Models: IVF, assisted reproduction research<\/span><\/li>\n
                                              • Multiple follicles: synchronized development<\/span><\/li>\n
                                              • Precise timing: oocyte retrieval 34-36h post-hCG<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n
                                                \n\ud83d\udd39 ADVANCED RESEARCH PROTOCOLS<\/summary>\n

                                                Dosage Male Models<\/b><\/h4>\n

                                                Rodents (Rats\/Mice):<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                Application<\/b><\/td>\nDosage<\/b><\/td>\nFrequency<\/b><\/td>\nWay<\/b><\/td>\nDuration<\/b><\/td>\nNotes<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                Steroidogenesis<\/span><\/td>\n10-50 user interface<\/span><\/td>\n2-3 times\/week<\/span><\/td>\nSC\/IP<\/span><\/td>\n2-8 weeks<\/span><\/td>\nHypogonadism model<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                Spermatogenesis<\/span><\/td>\n20 UI<\/span><\/td>\n2 times per week<\/span><\/td>\nSC<\/span><\/td>\n8-16 weeks<\/span><\/td>\nCombine FSH-like<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                Acute Leydig Test<\/span><\/td>\n50-100 UI<\/span><\/td>\nSingle dose<\/span><\/td>\nIP<\/span><\/td>\n24-72 hours<\/span><\/td>\nTestosterone Measurement<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                Cryptorchidism<\/span><\/td>\n5-10 UI<\/span><\/td>\n2 times per week<\/span><\/td>\nSC<\/span><\/td>\n4 weeks<\/span><\/td>\nPre-pubertal model<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                                Non-Human Primates<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                Objective<\/b><\/td>\nDosage<\/b><\/td>\nFrequency<\/b><\/td>\nWay<\/b><\/td>\nDuration<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                Fertility<\/span><\/td>\n100-500 IU<\/span><\/td>\n2 times per week<\/span><\/td>\nI am<\/span><\/td>\n12-24 weeks<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                Testicular maintenance<\/span><\/td>\n250 UI<\/span><\/td>\n2 times per week<\/span><\/td>\nSC\/IM<\/span><\/td>\nAs needed<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                                Female Model Dosages<\/b><\/h4>\n

                                                Rodents:<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                Application<\/b><\/td>\nDosage<\/b><\/td>\nTiming<\/b><\/td>\nWay<\/b><\/td>\nNotes<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                Ovulation induction<\/span><\/td>\n5-10 UI<\/span><\/td>\nProestrus<\/span><\/td>\nIP<\/span><\/td>\n48 hours after PMSG<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                Superovulation<\/span><\/td>\n5-10 UI<\/span><\/td>\n48 hours after PMSG<\/span><\/td>\nIP<\/span><\/td>\nIVF Protocol<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                Luteal maintenance<\/span><\/td>\n2-5 UI<\/span><\/td>\nEvery 2-3 days<\/span><\/td>\nSC<\/span><\/td>\nPost-ovulation<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                                Rabbits\/Primates:<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                Objective<\/b><\/td>\nDosage<\/b><\/td>\nProtocol<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                Ovulation trigger<\/span><\/td>\n100-250 IU<\/span><\/td>\nSingle dose, mature follicles<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                Luteal support<\/span><\/td>\n50-100 UI<\/span><\/td>\nEvery 3-4 days x2 weeks<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                                In Vitro Studies<\/b><\/h4>\n

                                                Primary Leydig Cells<\/b><\/p>\n